Kinds OF RFID SYSTEMS
08/06/2019 12:47
Now that you know how RFID systems operate, it’s time for you to go deeper into the diverse varieties of systems available. RFID systems is often broken down by the frequency band inside which they operate: low frequency, higher frequency, and ultra-high frequency. Get more information about Warehouse UHF RFID Reader
You will discover also two broad categories of systems-passive and active RFID. Inside the sections below we are going to discover the frequencies and forms of RFID systems.
RFID Frequencies
Frequency refers towards the size in the radio waves used to communicate among system elements. RFID systems all through the world operate in low frequency (LF), higher frequency (HF), and ultra-high frequency (UHF) bands. Radio waves behave differently at every single of these frequencies and you'll find positive aspects and disadvantages connected with using every frequency band.
One example is, if an RFID system operates at a reduce frequency, it features a slower data study price, but elevated capabilities for reading near or on metal or liquid surfaces. If a system operates at a greater frequency, it usually has more rapidly information transfer rates and longer study ranges, but additional sensitivity to radio wave interference brought on by liquids and metals inside the atmosphere. Having said that technologies innovations in current years have made it feasible to use ultra-high frequency RFID systems around liquids and metals.
Low Frequency (LF) RFID
The LF band covers frequencies from 30 KHz to 300 KHz. Generally LF RFID systems operate at 125 KHz, despite the fact that there are some that operate at 134 KHz. This frequency band offers a short read variety of 10 cm, and has slower study speed than the higher frequencies, but just isn't very sensitive to radio wave interference.
LF RFID applications consist of access control and livestock tracking.
Requirements for LF animal-tracking systems are defined in ISO 14223, and ISO/IEC 18000-2. The LF spectrum is just not regarded a actually worldwide application because of slight differences in frequency and energy levels throughout the world.
High-Frequency (HF) RFID
The HF band ranges from 3 to 30 MHz. Most HF RFID systems operate at 13.56 MHz with read ranges amongst 10 cm and 1 m. HF systems experience moderate sensitivity to interference.
HF RFID is usually used for ticketing, payment, and data transfer applications.
There are many HF RFID requirements in place, which include the ISO 15693 normal for tracking items, plus the ECMA-340 and ISO/IEC 18092 requirements for Close to Field Communication (NFC), a short range technologies which is generally used for data exchange between devices. Other HF requirements consist of the ISO/IEC 14443 A and ISO/IEC 14443 standards for MIFARE technology, which used in smart cards and proximity cards, and also the JIS X 6319-4 for FeliCa, that is a smart card system generally used in electronic money cards.
Ultra-high frequency (UHF) RFID
The UHF frequency band covers the range from 300 MHz to 3 GHz. RAIN RFID systems comply with the UHF Gen2 regular and make use of the 860 to 960 MHz band. Although there's some variance in frequency from area to region, RAIN RFID systems in most nations operate in between 900 and 915 MHz.
The read variety of passive UHF systems may be so long as 12 m, and UHF RFID includes a more quickly data transfer rate than LF or HF. UHF RFID could be the most sensitive to interference, but many UHF product suppliers have located ways of designing tags, antennas, and readers to help keep functionality higher even in tricky environments. Passive UHF tags are simpler and cheaper to manufacture than LF and HF tags.
RAIN RFID is used within a wide variety of applications, ranging from retail inventory management, to pharmaceutical anti-counterfeiting, to wireless device configuration. The majority of new RFID projects are using UHF (RAIN) as opposed to LF or HF, creating RAIN the fastest growing segment of your RFID industry.
The UHF frequency band is regulated by a single international typical known as the ECPglobal Gen2 (ISO 18000-63) UHF regular. Impinj spearheaded development of the Gen2 regular, lobbied governments to allocate frequency spectrum and co-founded the RAIN RFID Alliance together with Google, Intel and Smartrac in order to market the universal adoption of RAIN technologies solutions across numerous distinct vertical markets.